There are two ways to make an application for adoption:-
a. Registration with the National Registration Department (NRD) under Registration of Adoption Act 1952 (applicable for Muslims & Non-Muslims). Under this application, the child must be in the custody of the adoptive parents for at least two years ; and
b. Application through the Court process under the Adoption Act 1952 (only applicable for Non-Muslims). After 3 months of caring for the adoptive child, the adoptive parent(s) can apply to the court through a lawyer for an adoption order.

Yes. You can apply to the court for the change of surname during adoption process.

No. one of the main requirements for an adoption application is the birth certificate. If the child was born in this country but is without a birth certificate, then the application for the late registration of birth must be made first.

Yes, provided that the child has fulfilled the normal period of residence as required under the Registration of Adoption Act and has a valid travel document before making the adoption application.

A child adopted under the Adoption Act is legally considered a child born to the adoptive parents in lawful wedlock. Upon an adoption order being made, all rights, duties, obligations and liabilities of the birth parents, in relation to the future custody, maintenance and education of the adopted child shall vest in and be exercisable by and enforceable against the adoptive parents as though the adopted child was a child born to the adoptive parents in lawful wedlock. The right to inheritance under the Wills Act 1959 and the Distribution Act 1958 is also transferred from the birth parents to the adoptive parents